Rebels Without a Cause

First there was Joyce’s Ulysses. Then Tropic of Cancer, O’Hara’s Butterfield 8, Updike’s Couples, Roth’s Portnoy’s Complaint and Jong’s Fear of Flying all broke new limits in the graphic detail with which sexuality was described. In l956 Grace Metalious scandalized the publishing world with Peyton Place. Dwight Garner recently cited the following Metalious quote in a review of Allen Gurganus’s Local Souls: “To talk about adults without talking about sex drives is like talking about a window without glass,” ("The Town is Small, the Taboos Are Not,” NYT, 9/24/13). In Aristophanes Lysistrata the women of Greece withheld sex to protest war, but sex has always been looked at as the hidden force that underlies the stern structure of society with its laws and customs and upright citizens. It’s always been used to abrogate social norms to which society in turn responds as Hawthorne documents in The Scarlet Letter. Nietzsche differentiated between the Apollonian and the Dionysisac in The Birth of Tragedy, the former having to do with the rational and the later with ecstasis. Besides its procreative function sex still manages to maintain its mystery, power and danger. Despite the liberalizing of social mores, sex still packs a punch; it’s still capable of being rebellious. Biblical injunctions aside, there are those who think nothing of coveting their neighbor’s wives and doing something about it and there are a fair amount of wives and husbands who're bored or dissatisfied enough with their lives to reciprocate. You can either have an evening of boring polite conversation or get down and dirty and swing. Of course once the revolution occurs, you then have to deal with the new government. Free love can be a little like the prospect of Iraq, Syria or Libya after the authoritarian leader is overthrown. Once we have done away with repression, who is going to pick up the pieces? Once the swinging is over and so called civilized mores are overturned what comes next? Do you simply return home to life as usual? Or do you have to worry that the partner you have loved and trusted can now be in anyone else’s arms?

Home Run Hitter

Larry Cutler is a former minor league baseball player whose name is immortalized in the City College Hall of Fame for having hit .429 as a second basemen in 1954, making him the leading hitter in the Metropolitan Collegiate Baseball Conference that year. Larry has also been a political activist and Marxist, and most recently a reader of the great works of world literature. He has read Remembrance of Things Past, Anna Karenina, Don Quixote and Finnegan’s Wake. He's probably one of the only former professional baseball players who is now grappling with Pynchon’s Gravity’s Rainbow. He takes what can only be called an anti-capitalist approach to literature, claiming that the attempt to look for results distracts a writer from the project at hand. He recently asked why Gravity’s Rainbow and Finnegan’s Wake are so hard to read. It seems like a simple point, but it epitomizes some of the key questions of so-called modernism in writing and painting.  His point about difficulty recalls the famed Bauhaus equation: form follows function. Form follows function the way style follows content. Euphuistic or overly ornate prose is an affectation that can have comic results. The writer affects profundity by self-consciously creating gnarled sentences that are hard to figure out. This form of reticulated prose is disconcerting since it deceives both the reader, who thinks he is missing something, and the writer, who is under the delusion of saying something, even if he would be hard put to explain it. Joyce, for one, was up to something else. His difficulty derives from the attempt to mimic the workings of the human mind, which is no mean feat. This is the kind of discussion with which Mr. Cutler is intimately acquainted, as he is with the careers and earned-run averages of almost any significant baseball player you can think of. He also knows a thing or two about a manifesto called What is to Be Done by one V.I. Lenin.